A new book, compiled by Stanley Feldman, a professor of anaesthetics at London University, and Vincent Marks, a former professor of clinical biochemistry and dean of medicine at the University of Surrey, are questioning the end of the world and healthy eating tips. Writing in The Daily Mail, the pair discuss "Global Warming And Other --------: The Truth About All Those Science Scare Stories", where they examine the "facts" behind global warming, the future of polar bears and chef Jamie Oliver's nemesis, Turkey Twizzlers.

THE SUN IS BEHIND GLOBAL WARMING. Rather than man-made CO2 being responsible for global warming, they argue that there is evidence it is caused in part by the increase in the intensity of the Sun's heat.

CO2 LEVELS - Although the level of CO2 is higher today (0.038 per cent of the atmosphere) than the "pre-industrial" level (0.02 per cent), carbon dioxide levels have often been as much as 10 times higher than they are today.

POLAR BEARS AND PENGUINS ARE NOT DYING OUT - Most populations of polar bear are doing well. Despite the melting in the Arctic ice cap, numbers have more than doubled since 1950. They are also good swimmers. Although some Antarctic penguin colonies are decreasing in size, their numbers are also steady.

THE GULF STREAM IS NOT UNDER THREAT - The Gulf Stream is as strong as ever, and getting warmer. There is no evidence to suggest the Arctic ice melting is pushing it further south.

THE MALDIVES ARE NOT SINKING - Maldives property owners are so confident the sea is receding, they are building a number of upmarket seafront hotels. Tuvalu in the Pacific, often seen as being most at risk of flooding, has actually seen a fall in sea levels.

GLOBAL WARMING MIGHT BE GOOD FOR US - Warmer climate and an increase in CO2 could be good for farming and agriculture. Less severe winters will also allow more crops to be grown.

TURKEY TWIZZLERS ARE FINE - It is made of recovered turkey meat and provides the same amino acids as normal turkey breast.

THERE IS NO NEED TO CUT BACK ON SALT - Salt is an essential food. We need salt to control our body temperature through sweating. Exercise in a person with low salt can cause overheating, and in extreme cases, death.

WE DO NOT KNOW WHAT CAUSES HEART DISEASE - Many people with high cholesterol do not get heart disease. Many people with very low levels do. It may have more to do with cultural variations. Indeed, populations with a diet high in saturated fat, such as the Inuit or Siberian hunter-gatherers, have some of the lowest cholesterol.

Defense Secretary Robert Gates has ordered additional protection for Hawaii as a precaution, though experts say North Korea doesn't yet have a ballistic missile that can reach Hawaii and has not mastered mounting a nuclear bomb on a long-range missile.

Still, North Korea declared itself a "proud nuclear power" and warned it will strike if provoked. "IT WOULD BE A GRAVE MISTAKE FOR THE US TO THINK IT CAN REMAIN UNHURT IF IT IGNITES THE FUSE OF WAR ON THE KOREAN PENINSULA," the country's main newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, said in a commentary. The US, which has 28,500 troops in South Korea, has said it has no such intentions.

Obama assured Americans that "this administration, and our military, is fully prepared for any contingencies." His interview with CBS News' "The Early Show" was taped Friday for broadcast Monday. "I don't want to speculate on hypotheticals," Obama told CBS. "But I want... to give assurances to the American people that the t's are crossed and the i's are dotted in terms of what might happen."

Security forces were deployed in the capital to prevent further demonstrations after hundreds of thousands of Iranians took to the streets in more than a week of rallies. At least 17 people have been killed in the worst internal violence in the oil-producing nation of 66 million since the shah was overthrown in 1979.

Former Prime Minister Mir Hossein Mousavi, the main challenger in the disputed June 12 election won by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, urged his supporters to continue peaceful protests. Another of the three defeated presidential candidates, former Parliament Speaker Mehdi Karrubi, yesterday called for a ceremony June 25 in memory of those killed in the protests.

The Revolutionary Guards, who answer directly to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and act as a counterweight to the Iranian army, warned the protesters to halt their activity.

Mexico issued a hurricane warning for the Pacific coast from just south of Manzanillo north to near Puerto Vallarta. To the south, officials in Acapulco prepared 120 shelters and warned residents to stay indoors, especially some 15,000 people in zones most at risk for flooding. Heavy rains late Sunday knocked down a few trees in the resort city. Forecasters said Andres was likely to brush the coast at hurricane strength around the port city of Manzanillo on Tuesday. Forecast models showed its center later pushing up the coast near towns such as Barra de Navidad that are home to some American and Canadian expatriates.

At Barra de Navidad, northwest of Manzanillo, Agapito Garcia Martinez, security manager at the Grand Bay Hotel-Isla Navidad Resort, said Monday that hotel staff were preparing, like taking in beach furniture and protecting hotel windows, but had not yet been advised by authorities to do so.

Late Sunday, ANDRES BECAME THE FIRST NAMED STORM OF THE EASTERN PACIFIC HURRICANE SEASON, which began May 15 and ends November 30 and is typically busiest between July and September. The US National Hurricane Center said Andres was centered about 125 miles (200 kilometers) south-southeast of Manzanillo at 2 am PDT (5 am EDT; 0900 GMT) Tuesday, and it had sustained winds near 70 mph (110 kph), with higher gusts.

Only about two years ago, scientists began to seriously suspect pets were transmitting the bacteria. In the July edition of THE LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Richard Oehler of the University of South Florida College of Medicine and colleagues lay out the latest thinking on MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and pets. THE INFECTIONS CAN BE TRANSMITTED BY ANIMAL BITES and most threaten young children, the researchers note.

"As community-acquired strains of MRSA increase in prevalence, a growing body of clinical evidence has documented MRSA colonization in domestic animals, often implying direct acquisition of S aureus infection from their human owners," they write. "MRSA colonization has been documented in companion animals such as horses, dogs, and cats, and these animals have been viewed as potential reservoirs of infection." Dog and cat bites make up about 1 percent of emergency room visits in the United States.

Severe infections can occur in about 20 percent of all cases, the researchers state, and are caused by Pasteurella, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, and Capnocytophaga bacteria from the animal's mouth, plus possibly other pathogens from the human's skin. "Proper treatment of dog and cat bites should involve treatment of the immediate injury (whether superficial or deep) and then management of the risk of acute infection, including washing with high pressure saline if possible, and antibiotics in selected cases," the researchers suggest.

TEENAGERS RATED FAMILY, FRIENDS, MONEY, MUSIC AND EVEN REALITY TV SHOWS ABOVE FAITH. Other statistics which emerged from the report included: 59 per cent of children believed religion has had a negative influence on the world. 60 per cent only go to church for a wedding or christening. Only 30 per cent of teenagers think there is an afterlife… while 10 per cent believe in reincarnation. 47 per cent said organised religion had no place in the world. 60 per cent don't believe Religious Studies should be compulsory in schools. However, 91 per cent agreed they should treat others the way they wished to be treated themselves. It also revealed the south-east was the region with the least faith as only 28 per cent of those surveyed believed in God.

A Church of England spokesman said: 'Many teenagers aren't sure what they believe at that stage of their lives, as is clear from the number who said they don't know whether they believe in God. Also significant, and reassuring for those who are worried about children's values, is that 91 per cent think they should treat others as they wish to be treated.'

The survey was carried out to mark Penguin's publication of the controversial novel 'Killing God' by Kevin Brooks. Mr Brooks, who is a popular teenage author, said: 'I can't say I am surprised by the teenagers' responses. Part of the reason that I wrote Killing God was that I wanted to explore the personal attitudes of young people today, especially those with troubled lives, towards organised religion and the traditional concept of God. HOW CAN THE MORALITIES OF AN ANCIENT RELIGION RELATE TO THE TRAGEDIES AND DISORDERS OF TODAY'S BROKEN WORLD?'

A pair of more disparate twins hasn't existed since the muscle-bound Arnold Schwarzenegger and the sharp-tongued, diminutive Danny DeVito played twins in the Hollywood movie of that name. One, the Israeli, is tall and thickset and often wears tailored suits. He is a gifted speaker and a militant anti-Iranian. The other, the Iranian, is short and slight and is almost always seen wearing an ordinary-looking beige windbreaker. He tends to be somewhat gauche and is a rabble-rousing populist and a self-declared enemy of Israel. The two men couldn't be more different.

But Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, 59, and Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, 52, are twins in spirit, which is not to imply in any way that they are morally equivalent. BOTH MEN ARE CONVINCED OF THE ABSOLUTE VALIDITY OF THEIR BELIEFS, both are obsessed by what they see as their higher calling, and BOTH ARE CONVINCED THAT THEIRS IS A MESSIANIC MISSION - A MISSION TO "HONOR" A RELIGION OR "SAVE" A PEOPLE.

There is every indication that the coming nuclear negotiations between Washington and Tehran - if, indeed, they begin in the next few months with Ahmadinejad still Iranian president - will end in a stalemate by the end of the year. If that happens, US President Barack Obama will push for tougher sanctions against Tehran in early 2010, with the reluctant support of the Russians and Chinese. The leadership in Tehran will interpret this as an aggressive act and will likely speed up its uranium enrichment, meaning that Iran will only be a few months away from having the capability to build a nuclear bomb.

AT SOME POINT NEXT SPRING, things could have proceeded so far that THE ISRAELIS COULD DECIDE, EVEN WITHOUT WASHINGTON'S APPROVAL, TO LAUNCH ATTACKS AGAINST IRANIAN NUCLEAR FACILITIES. The entire Middle East would see thousands of casualties, and the consequences for the global economy would be devastating.

"The British proved this again spectacularly last Friday, by limiting the impact of a historic European agreement strengthening financial control". Vittori argues the BRITISH MUST DECIDE "ONCE AND FOR ALL IF THEY WANT TO BE IN EUROPE OR OUTSIDE IT".

Writing in The Mail on Sunday Peter Hitchens argued that "The time for [euro]scepticism is long past. What is there left to have doubts about? THE THING IS AS BAD AS WE FEARED. THE TIME FOR SECESSION HAS ARRIVED."

Despite promises from the Irish government that they would not force people to vote on exactly the same text a second time around, the deal reached at the EU summit last week makes no change whatsoever to the text of the Treaty, MEANING IRISH VOTERS WILL BE VOTING ON EXACTLY THE SAME TEXT THEY REJECTED LAST YEAR. EU leaders agreed to attach a series of 'declarations' as a protocol to the Treaty after the second Irish referendum and once it is already in force, but the text of the conclusions of the summit notes that: "THE PROTOCOL WILL CLARIFY BUT NOT CHANGE EITHER THE CONTENT OR THE APPLICATION OF THE TREATY OF LISBON."

Czech Prime Minister Jan Fischer said: "It is an explanatory clarifying text which changes not a dot nor comma of the Lisbon Treaty." The Irish Times reports that former Green MEP Patricia McKenna said that THE 'GUARANTEES' GIVEN TO IRELAND WERE NOTHING MORE THAN A "LUDICROUS CHARADE" and that the public had been given the false impression of legal certainty when this didn't exist.

According to Saturday's Irish Times, newly elected Socialist MEP Joe Higgins repeated at a press conference that the EU summit was an "elaborate charade" meant to distract attention from the key issues. "The debate on the Lisbon Treaty has yet to be held because we've been dealing with side issues." He said: "The reasons why people voted No to the treaty have not been addressed or rectified, and for that reason, once that message gets across to people, I don't think they are going to change their vote."

"GOD WILLING, THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS WILL NOT FALL INTO THE HANDS OF THE AMERICANS AND THE MUJAHIDEEN WOULD TAKE THEM AND USE THEM AGAINST THE AMERICANS," Mustafa Abu al-Yazid, the leader of al Qaeda in Afghanistan, said in an interview with Al Jazeera television. Abu al-Yazid was responding to a question about US safeguards to seize control over Pakistan's nuclear weapons in case Islamist fighters came close to doing so. "We expect that the Pakistani army would be defeated (in Swat)… and that would be its end everywhere, God willing."

Asked about the group's plans, the Egyptian militant leader said: "The strategy of the (al Qaeda) organization in the coming period is the same as in the previous period: to hit the head of the snake, the head of tyranny - the United States. That can be achieved through continued work on the open fronts and also by opening new fronts in a manner that achieves the interests of Islam and Muslims AND BY INCREASING MILITARY OPERATIONS THAT DRAIN THE ENEMY FINANCIALLY."

One of the groups represented was UK Financial Investments, which manages the 70% stake in RBS held by taxpayers. The package is made up of £1.2m in pay, up to £2m in non-cash bonuses and up to £6.4m in long-term incentives. The long-term incentives will only be payable if share price targets are hit over the next three years.

It is important that the incentives are linked to the share price because the government is keen to sell its shareholding, which was bought at a price of about 50 pence a share. In early trading on Monday, the shares were trading at 37p a share. Mr Hester could only get the maximum remuneration if the share price were to hit 70p, which would give the taxpayer a profit of £8bn.

The problem, according to BBC business editor Robert Peston, is that Bank of England governor Mervyn King believes BANKS ARE STILL NOT LENDING ENOUGH MONEY TO FUEL A RECOVERY. LENDING MORE MONEY WOULD BE RISKY AND MIGHT NOT BE COMPATIBLE WITH BIG GROWTH IN THE RBS SHARE PRICE.

Border guards in Chiasso see plenty of smugglers and plenty of false-bottomed suitcases, but no one in the town, which straddles the Italian-Swiss frontier, had ever seen anything like this. Trussed up in front of the police in the train station were two Japanese men, and beside them a suitcase with a booty unlike any other. Concealed at the bottom of the bag were some rather incredible sheets of paper. THE DOCUMENTS WERE APPARENTLY DOLLAR-DENOMINATED US GOVERNMENT BONDS WITH A FACE VALUE OF A STAGGERING $134BN (£81BN).

How on earth did these two men, who at first refused to identify themselves, come to be there, trying to ride the train into Switzerland CARRYING BONDS WORTH MORE THAN THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT OF SINGAPORE? IF THE BONDS WERE GENUINE, THE PAIR WOULD HAVE BEEN AMERICA'S FOURTH-BIGGEST CREDITOR, ahead of the UK and just behind Russia. No sooner had the story leaked out from the Italian lakes region last week than it sparked a panoply of conspiracy tales. But one resounded more than any other: that the men were agents of the Japanese finance ministry, in the country for the G8 meeting, making a surreptitious journey into Switzerland to sell off one small chunk of the massive mountain of US bonds stacked up in the Japanese Treasury vaults.

IN THE EVENT, LATE LAST WEEK AMERICAN OFFICIALS CONFIRMED THAT THE NOTES WERE FORGERIES. The men, it appeared, were nothing more than ambitious scamsters. But many remain unconvinced. And whether fake or otherwise, the story underlines one important point about the world economy at the moment: THAT THE TENSION AND PARANOIA SURROUNDING THE FATE OF THE US DOLLAR HAS HIT A NEW HIGH. It went to the heart of the big question: will the central bankers in Japan, China and elsewhere continue to support the greenback even in the wake of the worst financial crisis in modern history, OR WILL THEY ABANDON IT AS AMERICA'S ECONOMIC HEGEMONY DISSIPATES?

A LACK OF COMPETITION AND A SURGE IN REVENUES from trading foreign currency, bonds and fixed-income products has sent profits at Goldman Sachs soaring, according to insiders at the firm. Staff in London were briefed last week on the banking and securities company's prospects and told they could LOOK FORWARD TO BUMPER BONUSES if, as predicted, it completed its most profitable year ever. Figures next month detailing the firm's second-quarter earnings are expected to show a further jump in profits.

Warren Buffett, who bought $5bn of the company's shares in January, has already made a $1bn gain on his investment. Goldman is expected to be the biggest winner in the race for revenues that, in 2006, reached £186bn across the entire industry. While this figure is expected to fall to £160bn in 2009, it will be split among a smaller number of firms.

Barclays Capital, Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank are among the European firms expected to register bumper profits, along with US banks JP Morgan and Morgan Stanley following the near collapse and government rescue of major trading houses including Citigroup, Merrill Lynch, UBS and Royal Bank of Scotland. Critics of the bonus culture in the City SAID THE DOMINANCE OF A FEW RISK-TAKING INVESTMENT BANKS IS UNDERMINING THE EFFORTS OF REGULATORS TO STABILISE THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM.

When finished in 18 months' time, the facility will house Virgin Galactic's space tourism business and other firms working in the commercial space arena. It will cost the New Mexico government almost $200m (£121m). Steve Landeene, executive director of the New Mexico Spaceport Authority, said: "THE FUTURE IS HERE AND WE ARE NOT TOO FAR OFF A NEW AGE OF SPACE.

"It is not just about private astronauts going up, it is about bringing the cost structure down and about new medicines, solar power in space and the entire range of scientific benefits that can come from it." When finished, Virgin Galactic - which hopes to begin regular tourist flights into space not long after the spaceport is completed - will base its headquarters and operations here, providing much of the spaceport's business, though Spaceport America is keen to point out it will not solely rely on the company.

If all goes to plan, the inaugural flight should carry Sir Richard Branson, his family and spaceship designer Burt Rutan on a sub-orbital ride within two years. They will be followed by a waiting list of 300 who have all ignored the current economic climate and are willing to pay about $200,000 for the privilege of experiencing six minutes of weightlessness during the two-hour flight.

In addition, a member of the Hamas terrorist organization's parliament in Gaza made similar accusations against Pepsi last year. Speaking on official Hamas TV station Al-Aqsa TV on April 23, 2008, Hamas MP Salem Salamah said, "There are companies established by the colonialists and occupiers - large companies with branches all over the world, like Pepsi, Pepsi Cola. This is a well-known company. Pepsi is an acronym. P-E-P-S-I - Pay Every Pence to Save Israel. Pay every pence - pence is one-hundredth of a dollar – to save Israel. Pay every pence to save Israel…"

Al-Aqsa TV promotes terrorist activity and incites hatred of Jews and Israelis, according to the Anti-Defamation League. More recently, this past February, Egyptian cleric Hazem Abu Ismail made a similar accusation. Speaking on Al Nas TV – a Muslim religious channel in Egypt that provides Islamic programming for Muslim Muftis – Abu Ismail all but CALLED FOR A MUSLIM BOYCOTT OF PEPSI BECAUSE IT STANDS FOR 'PAY EVERY PENNY SAVING ISRAEL.' Abu Ismail said a penny is "one-thousandth of a dollar."

They say: "Donate the small change you don't need, but give it to the right cause. If you collect small change, you can buy this drink." They took the first letter of each word - "Pay Every Penny Saving Israel" - and they formed the word "Pepsi." When you pay [to buy Pepsi], you are saving Israel. I am not talking about Pepsi, but about Coca Cola and all of them. I don't want to specify the products. See for yourselves. You are Muslims. You can tell me. I don't know. My little son knows more about the boycott than me. When we go shopping, he says to me: "Buy this, don't buy that." He knows them by heart. He has become an expert in this.